Neuromuscular electrical stimulation (NMES) is a technique that uses electrical currents to stimulate the nerves and muscles. NMES can be used to enhance the recovery and function of people with neurological conditions, such as stroke, spinal cord injury and multiple sclerosis. NMES can also be used to prevent or reduce muscle atrophy (wasting), spasticity, pain and swelling.
How does NMES work?
NMES works by applying electrodes to the skin over the target muscles or nerves. The electrodes are connected to a device that generates electrical pulses that can be adjusted in terms of intensity, frequency, duration and waveform. The electrical pulses activate the nerve fibres that innervate the muscles, causing them to contract. The muscle contractions can be synchronized with voluntary movements or functional tasks to facilitate motor learning and neuroplasticity. Neuroplasticity is the ability of the brain and spinal cord to reorganise and adapt in response to new experiences or stimuli.
What are the benefits of NMES?
NMES can have various benefits for people with neurological conditions, depending on the type, location and severity of their impairments and disabilities. Some of the potential benefits of NMES include:
- Improving muscle strength, endurance and power
- Improving motor control and coordination
- Improving range of motion and joint stability
- Improving balance and gait
- Improving sensation and proprioception
- Improving circulation and tissue healing
- Reducing muscle atrophy and spasticity
- Reducing pain and swelling
- Reducing fatigue and depression
- Enhancing functional performance and participation
What are the limitations and precautions of NMES?
NMES is generally safe and well tolerated by most people, but it may have some limitations and precautions that need to be considered. Some of the possible limitations and precautions of NMES include:
- Not suitable for people with pacemakers, cardiac arrhythmias, epilepsy or metal implants
- Not suitable for pregnant women or people with skin infections or wounds
- Not suitable for stimulating muscles or nerves over the head, neck, chest or abdomen
- May cause skin irritation, burns, blisters or allergic reactions
- May cause muscle soreness, fatigue or cramps
- May interfere with other electrical devices or equipment
- May not be effective for people with severe nerve or muscle damage or denervation
NMES should be used under the guidance of a qualified physiotherapist who can assess your suitability, prescribe the appropriate parameters and monitor your progress. NMES should also be combined with other physiotherapy interventions that address your specific needs and goals.
At Cortex Neuro Rehab in Perth's northern suburbs, Ashan Weerakkody is an experienced neurological physiotherapist who is trained and skilled in using NMES for neurological rehabilitation. We use state-of-the-art equipment and evidence-based protocols to provide safe and effective NMES interventions that are customized to your individual condition and preferences. We also work collaboratively with other health professionals that you're involved with to ensure that you receive comprehensive and integrated care.
If you or someone you know has a neurological condition that affects your movement or function, or if you have any questions about NMES or neurological rehabilitation, please contact us today. We would love to hear from you and help you achieve your goals.
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